How to Emigrate from the US to Canada As a Skilled Worker or Professional

Skilled workers are selected as permanent residents based on their education, work experience, knowledge of English and/or French, and other criteria that have been shown to help them become economically established in Canada.
This section will help you to find guides, information and the forms you need to apply as a federal skilled worker. Please note: the Federal Skilled Worker Program is for people coming to any part of Canada except Quebec. The province of Quebec is responsible for selecting its own skilled workers. If you plan on living in Quebec, see Quebec-selected skilled workers for more information.
The rules for applying as a federal skilled worker can change from time to time, so make sure you visit this site regularly if you are considering immigrating to Canada as a federal skilled worker.
Before you apply, make sure you refer to the updated selection criteria under Who can apply below, and are familiar with the current application procedures. After you apply, make sure you return to this Web page to find out about the steps that follow.

Steps

1. Skilled workers and professionals: Who can apply
   
2. Skilled workers are people who are selected as permanent residents based on their ability to become economically established in Canada.
   
3. Federal skilled worker applications received on or after February 27, 2008 are now assessed for eligibility according to a set of instructions issued by the Minister of Citizenship, Immigration and Multiculturalism.
   
4. You can find out more about the instructions in the Learn about section at the bottom of this page.
   
5. Your application will be reviewed in three steps.
   
6. According to the Minister’s instructions, your application is eligible for processing if:
   
   • you have an offer of arranged employment, OR
     
   • you are a foreign national who has been living legally in Canada for one year as a temporary foreign worker or an international student, OR
     
   • you are a skilled worker who has at least one year of experience in one or more of the occupations listed here.
     
7. If your application is eligible for processing, you must also meet the following minimum requirements to qualify as a skilled worker:
   
   • you have at least one year of continuous full-time paid work experience or the equivalent in part-time continuous employment, AND
     
   • your work experience must be Skill Type 0 (managerial occupations) or Skill Level A (professional occupations) or B (technical occupations and skilled trades) on the Canadian National Occupational Classification list, AND
     
   • you must have had this experience within the last 10 years.
     
8. If you meet these minimum requirements, your application will then be processed according to the six selection factors in the skilled worker points grid. The six selection factors are:
   
   • your education
     
   • your abilities in English and/or French, Canada’s two official languages
     
   • your work experience
     
   • your age
     
   • whether you have arranged employment in Canada, and
     
   • your adaptability.
     
9. You must also show that you have enough money to support yourself and your dependants after you arrive in Canada.
   
10. If you are not sure if you should apply as a skilled worker, you can:
    

Tips

• Skilled workers and professionals: Who can apply—Six selection factors and pass mark
  
• Will you qualify?
  
• If you are eligible to apply as a skilled worker, you will be assessed on six selection factors and a point system. Learn more about each factor by clicking on it.
  
• Selection Factor Points
  
• Education Maximum 25 points
  
• Ability in English and/or French Maximum 24 points
  
• Experience Maximum 21 points
  
• Age Maximum 10 points
  
• Arranged employment in Canada Maximum 10 points
  
• Adaptability Maximum 10 points
  
• Total Maximum 100 points
  
• Pass mark 67 points
  
• You can assess your qualifications using the skilled worker self-assessment test from Citizenship and Immigration Canada.
  
• http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/immigrate/skilled/assess/index.asp
  
• If your score is the same or higher than the pass mark, then you may qualify to immigrate to Canada as a skilled worker. Review the information about immigrating to Canada as a skilled worker and decide if you want to apply.
  
• If your score is lower than the pass mark, you are not likely to qualify to immigrate to Canada as a skilled worker. We recommend that you do not apply at this time.
  
• However, you can still apply if you believe other factors would show that you are able to establish yourself in Canada and support your dependants. Send a detailed letter with your application explaining why you think you are able to become economically established in Canada. Include any documents that support your claim.
  
• Principal applicant
  
• If you are married or living with a common-law partner, either you or your spouse can apply as the principal applicant. Use the self-assessment test to help you determine which person is likely to earn the most points. The person who would earn the most points should apply as the principal applicant. The other person would be considered as a dependant in the applications.
  
• Note: A common-law partner is a person who has lived with you in a conjugal relationship for at least one year. Common-law partner refers to both opposite-sex and same-sex couples.
  

Things You'll Need

• Instructions on which skilled worker applications are eligible for processing
  
• Under changes to the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act, federal skilled worker applications are assessed for eligibility according to the eligibility criteria listed below. Note: This does not apply to applicants intending to live in the province of Quebec.
  
• These criteria affect you only if you applied on or after February 27, 2008. If you applied before February 27, 2008, your application will be processed according to the rules that were in effect at that time.
  
• Is my application eligible for processing?
  
• In order for your application to be eligible for processing, you must either:
  
  • have an offer of arranged employment, OR
    
  • be a foreign national living legally in Canada for one year as a temporary foreign worker or an international student, OR
    
  • be a skilled worker who has at least one year of experience in one or more of the following occupations:
    
• 0111: Financial Managers
  
• 0213: Computer and Information Systems Managers
  
• 0311: Managers in Health Care
  
• 0631: Restaurant and Food Service Managers
  

• 0711: Construction Managers
  
• 1111: Financial Auditors and Accountants
  
• 2113: Geologists, Geochemists and Geophysicists
  
• 2143: Mining Engineers
  
• 2144: Geological Engineers
  
• 2145: Petroleum Engineers
  
• 3111: Specialist Physicians
  
• 3112: General Practitioners and Family Physicians
  
• 3141: Audiologists and Speech Language Pathologists
  
• 3143: Occupational Therapists
  
• 3142: Physiotherapists
  
• 3151: Head Nurses and Supervisors
  
• 3152: Registered Nurses
  
• 3215: Medical Radiation Technologists
  
• 3233: Licensed Practical Nurses
  
• 4121: University Professors
  
• 4131: College and Other Vocational Instructors
  
• 6241: Chefs
  
• 6242: Cooks
  
• 7213: Contractors and Supervisors, Pipefitting Trades
  
• 7215: Contractors and Supervisors, Carpentry Trades
  
• 7217: Contractors and Supervisors, Heavy Construction Equipment Crews
  
• 7241: Electricians (Except Industrial and Power System)
  
• 7242: Industrial Electricians
  
• 7251: Plumbers
  
• 7252: Steamfitters, Pipe fitters and Sprinkler System Installers
  
• 7265: Welders and Related Machine Operators
  
• 7312: Heavy-Duty Equipment Mechanics
  
• 7371: Crane Operators
  
• 7372: Drillers and Blasters – Surface Mining, Quarrying and Construction
  
• 8221: Supervisors, Mining and Quarrying
  
• 8222: Supervisors, Oil and Gas Drilling and Service
  
• 9212: Supervisors, Petroleum, Gas and Chemical Processing and Utilities
  
• NOTE: the occupations above are all Skill Type 0 (managerial occupations) or Skill Level A (professional occupations) or B (technical occupations and skilled trades) on the Canadian National Occupational Classification list.
  
• If you are not sure if you should apply as a skilled worker, you can use the eligibility tool to get an idea of whether your application would be eligible for processing.
  
• Federal skilled worker applicants who do not meet the above criteria will be informed of this and will have their processing fee refunded.
  

Related wikiHows

• How to Summarize Your Computer Proficiencies
  
• How to Find and Hire a Professional SAP Consultant
  
• How to Find a Job Using Search Sites
  
• How to Be a Success at a Job Fair
  

Sources and Citations

• Citizenship and Immigration Canada. (2008) http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/immigrate/skilled/apply-who.asp
  

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How to Get a Job After You've Been Fired

Obviously, getting fired isn’t an ideal situation to ever be in. All the same, it’s certainly a situation that can be dealt with strategically, so that you get back into the workforce again quickly, with a minimum of discomfort.

Steps

Deciding what happens next

1. Accept what has happened to you. It is a lot more difficult to move forward unencumbered by the past jetsam if you haven't worked it through. Whether or not you were at fault as the reason for firing, you need to be ready to move on and find a positive way forward. It is also important to have worked out any issues concerning wrongful termination because this can prevent you from moving on.
   
   • Leave shame behind. You shouldn't be ashamed of being laid off from a job in the majority of cases. If an employer should ask, and the reason was as part of "lay-offs", explain that it was a lay-off, as lay-offs are typically financially or strategically motivated, and are less an issue of employee performance.
     
   • Understand why you were fired. If others were also being fired you shouldn't consider it as an attack on you personally but a "lay-off", which is more and more common in today's corporate world.
     
   • Don't take generalized reasons too much to heart. Some companies may direct specific reasons to why they are firing you but that could just be their way of conducting lay-offs.
     
   • Use the lay-off situation to your advantage. If others were laid off, use this as a way of explaining that the company had been laying off employees for sometime and you were let go along with ___ other people that week.
     
2. Consider which industry you want to work in. This is a very important step as you don't necessarily have to stay in the field you've always been in. Do some research into other options and see if you meet the requirements, or whether you can perhaps spend some time studying to bridge your existing knowledge into the new field.
   
3. Accept the work involved in finding a new job. Looking for work is like a job in its own right. You will need to research, prepare your resume (see next step), look for vacancies, talk to people, make decisions about what does and does not lead to profitable results for you. Expect to put in a decent few hours each day on finding a new job.
   
4. Spruce up your resume. It's likely it's not in the best shape that it could be. Given the subjective nature of resumes, it's a good time to think about a small outlay of funds to have a professional fix it for you, to ensure that you are polished as highly as possible and ready to get out there again. Alternately, if you would really prefer to make your own, put in some good effort and time into it, and do some background research to find free resources on making it as effective as possible.
   
5. Network. Talk to the people you know to find out what jobs are available, or whether they have anything available. Don't forget family and friend networks either. And look back at references - some of these people might have something available for you too.
   

Applying

1. Do not mention being fired in cover letters or in resumes.[1] These documents should remain upbeat and positive in their presentation.
   
2. Leave out difficult explanations on job application forms. On your application, write "would like to discuss in person", or "job ended", or "terminated", under the reason for leaving.[2]
   
3. Leave out that which can just increase doubt for no good reason. If you were only with a job for a few days/weeks before being fired, there's no reason to even list it on your application/resume. Consider it as a trial period rather than as a real job.
   

The interview

1. Be prepared. At this point, you might be asked "Why were you fired?" once it becomes clear from the application form that something is up. Have a read through Joyce Lain Kennedy's suggested answers as a way to begin preparing yourself. And be prepared to not labor the point; Kennedy says "Practice in advance what you'll say. Then keep it brief, keep it honest and keep it moving."[3]
   
2. Be honest. When telling interviewers why you were fired, start by telling the truth. Tell people what happened and what you have learned from the experience.
   
   • You can disguise the reason for your termination but don't stoop to lying that it happened. Lying to an employer about your reason for leaving could result in your immediate termination. Most don't specify between firings and layoffs but lay-offs are usually indicative of a business decision.
     
3. Take responsibility for what happened. It is incredibly important that you don’t point fingers looking for other people to blame. That will simply suggest to your potential new employer that you don't stand up and take responsibility and that you gossip vindictively.
   
   • Don't speak poorly about your former employer even after you've been fired. This is especially important when speaking to future employers and interviewers. Tell them how loyal you were to the company, how you had hoped to retire from there someday and how unfortunate it was to be downsized.
     
   • Tell them how great everyone was. Even if you were plainly fired, a glowing review of the old company makes you seem less threatening.
     
4. Keep your answer about the firing issue brief. Don’t start rambling and tell a long story which could get you into more trouble by making you look defensive.
   

Making use of references

1. Use your references to defend you. If you can find several former colleagues or management-level staff who can give a reference and positively explain your departure, you’ll be one step closer in your job search.
   
2. Remember that not all employers have the time or inclination to check references, so bear that in mind. If the job you were fired from is further down on your resume, there's a good chance the employer isn't going to bother checking it, so admitting to being fired from that job isn't always in your best interest.
   
3. Be aware that most reference calls to your former employer will simply state that you worked there from (dates of employment). In a number of jurisdictions, employers can be sued if they divulge specific issues about your employment.
   

Injecting realism into your new job hunt

1. Be prepared for losing out on some job opportunities. The reality is that some potential employers will shy away from you when they find out you were fired and the reason behind it. In some cases, you might not be able to avoid this if the employer doesn’t have an open mind or if the reason you were fired was very serious.
   

Tips

• Remember that the severity of the reason you were fired can make things more difficult. It is much easier to explain away a few late or missed days of work than it is to rationalize stealing thousands of dollars of merchandise.
  
• Remember that layoffs, firings, downsizing and corporate restructuring are more common in today's corporate workplace. Depending on your industry these changes can be quite common and completely overlooked in hiring decisions. Getting fired nowadays doesn't carry the same negative stigma it may have done 20-30 years ago.
  
• If you can, omit the job from your resume. If you worked there less than three months, it's much easier to claim to be unemployed during that time than to try to explain a firing in a position that was a poor match for you. Naturally, you shouldn't include anything positive from this prior job either. Being fired has a tremendous negative connotation and avoiding it, if at all possible, is best.
  
• There is one school of thought that suggests it is better not to admit to having been fired.[4] In this case, you would need to resort to saying that you left to do consulting, the company downsized, etc., but avoid using the word "fired". The theory behind this is that it puts you in a very weak light and caters to those who don't like to give second chances by hiring someone who has knowingly been fired. The problem with this approach is proving you have done something else in the interim, so you might want to think this line through carefully. The better view is to put as positive a gloss on the situation as possible.
  
• Consider the matter of privacy. Looked at from this perspective, it could be thought that it isn't anyone else's business why you left a previous job. Thus, any prospective employer is going to have to evaluate you on your interview skills, your resume and your strong references. Again, the trouble with this view is that most employers do think it is their business, for sound business reasons of wanting to be sure that they're getting someone of good value and who is trustworthy.
  

Warnings

• Probably the worst thing you can do is lie during an interview when explaining why you got fired. If you’ve been fired and are then caught in a lie, that makes you a liar who got fired, so you’ll then have two strikes against you. If you get fired again, it's hard to explain that you got fired for lying about how you got fired - how can they trust you?
  
• Be all the more careful if your town or city is small and has a "village gossip" mentality. Within the same industry, people will tend to know what has happened, so be truthful!
  

Related wikiHows

• How to Switch Careers
  
• How to Get a Job in Another State
  
• How to Find a Good Job in 14 Days or Less
  
• How to Be Fired Gracefully
  
• How to Cope with Being Fired
  

Sources and Citations

1. ↑ About.com, Resumes and Cover Letters
2. ↑ About.com, Resumes and Cover Letters
3. ↑ About.com. Joyce Lain Kennedy's sample answers to the interview question "Why were you fired?"
4. ↑ Idealist.org, Was I fired, or did I resign?

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How to Get Fast Jobs

Do you need some money, but are too young to be officially employed? Then read this article.

Steps

1. Permission. Get your parents permission, as you will probably be going over to other peoples houses, or bringing others into your home.
   
2. Pick a job. Decide what services you will offer. Will you babysit, mow lawn, trim hedges, clean swimming pools or walk/wash dogs? Choose something that will be manageable.
   
3. Price it. After you figure out what you'd like to do, come up with some reasonable prices, such as $2.50 an hour for babysitting, $5 for a lawn-mowing, $10 to wash a dog etc.
   
4. Advertise. Never put an article in the newspaper. A lot of psychos read the paper and you don't want them to show up at your home. Instead, create fliers and put them in the mailboxes of people you know and trust, along with a note asking them not to tell strangers about you or your work.
   
5. Tell your parents. After you have a client, tell your parents when you will be doing your job, the number for where you will be, the arrangement for drop-off and pick-up, and what your client will do in the meantime. It may be helpful to create a code such as, "Did you feed Sam?" to mean that your parents should drive you home because the people you are babysitting for are drunk or any other harmful situation.
   
6. Enjoy. Enjoy, spend, or save the money you made, and be proud of yourself for earning your reward through hard work!
   

Tips

• It is best if you do this only with your parents knowledge
  
• Do this in a SAFE neighborhood, and don't be afraid to decline the job if you are uncomfortable with the neighborhood or person.
  
• Be respectful to your employer
  
• Take a friend with you to make it more fun. Just don't forget you're on the job!
  

Warnings

• Always be cautious, even if you know your client well.
  

Things You'll Need

• Flyers
  
• Work ethic
  
• Cell phone w/ 911 on speed dial
  

Related wikiHows

• How to Earn Money to Buy an Expensive Bike
  
• How to Start a Business As a Teenager
  
• How to Make Money When You Are Too Young to Get a Job
  
• How to Save Money at a Young Age
  
• How to Earn and Save Money
  

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How to Apply for USPS Jobs

A job at the USPS can be lucrative and provide a plethora of benefits, similar to the benefits received by federal employees. However, it can be a process that’s sometimes difficult to understand since there are numerous rules and prerequisites that are required. If you need to learn about how to apply for USPS jobs, here are a few simple steps that can get you well on your way to becoming a USPS employee.

Steps

Learn the Qualifying Steps Needed to Apply for USPS Jobs

1. Learn the age requirement of 18 years old.
   
2. Be a U.S. Citizen, a citizen of any territory pledging allegiance to the U.S., such as American Samoa, or a lawful resident in ownership of a green card.
   
3. Display proficiency in English as a language.
   
4. Provide an employment history of up to 10 years, a criminal history and your military service history.
   
5. Pass a drug screening and medical evaluation.
   
6. Have a clean driving record.
   

Find Out About the Application Procedures Required

1. Have a working e-mail account.
   
2. Find job openings online at the USPS site, which will require you to enable Java script on your computer.
   
3. Create an eCareer profile on the USPS site, which has you list an accomplishment summary for their use and consideration.
   
4. Download a pre-employment screening and motor vehicle operator and tractor trailer operator assessment worksheet.
   
5. Check out the individual applications that you can download for specific jobs performed at the post office.
   
6. Learn which jobs require a written exam, such as mail handlers and clerical positions.
   
7. Review the facts page for applying for a job on the USPS site.
   

Learn About the Benefits of Working for the United States Postal Service

1. Learn about the compensation package, which includes competitive pay rates, regular salary increases, overtime pay, differential shift pay and premium pay for Sunday work.
   
2. Become familiar with the insurance benefits offered, such as health insurance and life insurance. Both are competitively affordable with most of the premiums carried by the USPS.
   
3. Learn about the retirement and savings plans offered such as 401K and retirement payments.
   
4. Be aware of the paid leave benefits offered, which includes paid vacations and paid sick time off.
   
5. Gain knowledge of the flexible spending account plan offered that you could use for medical expenses out of pocket and child care payments.
   
6. Know about the holiday pay offered for 10 holidays per year. These are paid days off for USPS employees.
   

Take Practice Exams

1. Find online practice exams to be able to familiarize yourself with what types of questions are asked. Some are free but most places offer paid packages to prepare yourself for when you apply for a USPS job.
   
2. Download the Test 473 study guide directly from the USPS website. This is an orientation guide for major entry level jobs.
   

Locate Where and How to Apply

1. Apply for and pass the exam with a score of at least 70.
   
2. Submit your application online at the USPS site or call 1-866-999-8777 (TTY 1-800-800-8776) to apply by phone.
   

Tips

• Have all the needed documentation ready at your disposal so that you can save time when applying.
  

Warnings

• Beware of online scams guaranteeing USPS jobs in exchange for compensation.
  

Related wikiHows

• How to Get a US Government Job
  
• How to Apply for a Job
  
• How to Write a Resume
  
• How to Avoid Interview Mistakes
  

Sources and Citations

• http://www.usps.com/employment/welcome.htm
  
• http://postalwork.net/
  
• http://www.cityjobslinks.com/usps/usps_how_to_apply.html
  
• http://faq.usps.com/eCustomer/iq/usps/request.do?session={104e1230-7640-11de-d82a-000000000000}&view%28%29=c{3dac1610-21b8-11dd-665e-000000000000}&varset%28source%29=sourceType:topNFAQ&tTitle=Top%2010%20FAQ%27s
  

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How to Build Rapport During an Employment Interview

Employment interviews can succeed or fail based on the behavior of those present. A nervous, edgy person may not show their true capabilities. By learning to build rapport during an employment interview, you can often increase the odds of a successful employer / employee match.

Steps

Applicants

1. Prepare thoroughly for the appointment. It's easier to stay calm during an interview when you arrive prepared and confident.
   
   • Organize your paperwork.
     
   • Choose your clothes the day before. Have them pressed and ready.
     
   • Familiarize yourself with the company's Web site.
     
   • Practice your answers to common interview questions.
     
   • Find out exactly where your interview will take place.
     
2. Make a solid first impression. Arrive 10 – 15 minutes early and present a calm, friendly exterior.
   
3. Smile and firmly shake hands while making eye contact with your interviewer.
   
4. Use posture to show confidence and interest in the conversation. Keep your back straight and your hands relaxed.
   
5. Listen closely and be present. The object is to connect with your interviewer, not to think about what you'll say next.
   
6. Answer questions honestly. Skilled interviewers can detect deception, and an honest, "I'm not sure," is preferable to a lie.
   
7. Ask about the company's goals. Showing interest helps build rapport during an employment interview.
   
8. Create a connection before you leave the office. Avoid empty compliments ("Nice suit!") and comment about something you have in common instead. ("Are those your kids in that photo? Mine are 4 and 6. They're a handful!") When you relate to an interviewer on a personal level, you make a lasting impression that can give you a competitive edge.
   
9. Thank the interviewer for his or her time and express that you enjoyed the meeting. Offer a genuine smile and a firm handshake as you exit.
   

Interviewers

1. Start the interview on time. Extend a warm greeting with a smile to put the person at ease.
   
2. Help your applicant relax during an interview by setting a relaxed tone.
   
   • Use body language to convey an open, friendly attitude. Smile, and sit straight but comfortably in your chair. Keep your hands at rest when not taking interview notes.
     
   • Consider removing your jacket, loosening your tie or rolling up your sleeves (if appropriate to your company environment.)
     
   • Speak to your prospective employee in a warm, professional manner.
     
3. Comment on the person's strengths in a meaningful way. ("I see you have extensive experience in Social Media Marketing. Excellent! We're looking for an innovative person to expand our presence online.")
   
4. Encourage your interviewee to ask questions and give him or her plenty of time to answer yours.
   
5. Create a sense of solidarity. Find common ground where you can relate to one another, preferably on a social scale. ("You graduated from XYZ College. They have an outstanding football team. Are you a fan?")
   
6. End the interview on a positive note even if the candidate is unsuitable for the position. The applicant may talk to others about the experience, and your representation of the company matters.
   

Sources and Citations

• http://www.bls.gov/oco/oco20045.htm
  
• http://www.academictips.org/career/top_ten_interview_tips.html
  
• http://www.salary.com/personal/layoutscripts/psnl_articles.asp?tab=psn&cat=cat159&ser=ser032∂=par291
  

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How to Get Management Consulting Jobs

Curious what consultants actually do? Want to work for firms like Boston Consulting Group or Accenture? Eager to be on your way to the C-suites at Fortune 500 companies? Read on!

Steps

1. Create a list of the firms you'd like to apply for. The Vault Guide is a great resource for a list of firms by popular opinion. Google search is another great way to discover consulting firms in your area of expertise or geography
   
2. Prepare your resume/cv! Make sure it is one page or less, 12 point font, with at least 0.5" margins. Talk to your most important work accomplishments, your hard skills, your educational background, and your personal hobbies.
   
3. Network, network, network. Leverage your personal and professional networks to meet people at your firms of interest. Find emails online and send your resume in. However, a personal contact typically works best.
   
4. Get ready for interviews and case studies. Study for them online - most of the top firms have free case studies with suggested answers. Study yourself in front of a mirror, tape yourself through a webcam and practice interviewing with friends as well
   
5. Land offers and negotiate your salary! This is obviously the fun part, but if you do well, it can also be a big step between being 100% happy and feeling you got shortchanged.
   

Tips

• If you call senior consultants or partners, beware the gatekeepers (eg, secretaries). Try calling earlier in the morning (before 8am) or late in the afternoon (after 6pm). Typically gatekeepers will no longer be there, and you may actually reach the decision maker!
  
• Ultimately consulting is an interesting job only if you truly enjoy the work: be prepared to work long hours in small rooms with a small team, on very data and analytics heavy problems
  

Sources and Citations

• Sources:
  
• Management Consulted (http://www.managementconsulted.com)
  
• What is management consulting? (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management_consulting)
  
• Wetfeet industry overview (http://www.wetfeet.com/Careers-and-Industries/Careers/Consulting.aspx)
  

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How to Get a Job After You've Been Fired

Obviously, getting fired isn’t an ideal situation to ever be in. All the same, it’s certainly a situation that can be dealt with strategically, so that you get back into the workforce again quickly, with a minimum of discomfort.

Steps

Deciding what happens next

1. Accept what has happened to you. It is a lot more difficult to move forward unencumbered by the past jetsam if you haven't worked it through. Whether or not you were at fault as the reason for firing, you need to be ready to move on and find a positive way forward. It is also important to have worked out any issues concerning wrongful termination because this can prevent you from moving on.
   
   • Leave shame behind. You shouldn't be ashamed of being laid off from a job in the majority of cases. If an employer should ask, and the reason was as part of "lay-offs", explain that it was a lay-off, as lay-offs are typically financially or strategically motivated, and are less an issue of employee performance.
     
   • Understand why you were fired. If others were also being fired you shouldn't consider it as an attack on you personally but a "lay-off", which is more and more common in today's corporate world.
     
   • Don't take generalized reasons too much to heart. Some companies may direct specific reasons to why they are firing you but that could just be their way of conducting lay-offs.
     
   • Use the lay-off situation to your advantage. If others were laid off, use this as a way of explaining that the company had been laying off employees for sometime and you were let go along with ___ other people that week.
     
2. Consider which industry you want to work in. This is a very important step as you don't necessarily have to stay in the field you've always been in. Do some research into other options and see if you meet the requirements, or whether you can perhaps spend some time studying to bridge your existing knowledge into the new field.
   
3. Accept the work involved in finding a new job. Looking for work is like a job in its own right. You will need to research, prepare your resume (see next step), look for vacancies, talk to people, make decisions about what does and does not lead to profitable results for you. Expect to put in a decent few hours each day on finding a new job.
   
4. Spruce up your resume. It's likely it's not in the best shape that it could be. Given the subjective nature of resumes, it's a good time to think about a small outlay of funds to have a professional fix it for you, to ensure that you are polished as highly as possible and ready to get out there again. Alternately, if you would really prefer to make your own, put in some good effort and time into it, and do some background research to find free resources on making it as effective as possible.
   
5. Network. Talk to the people you know to find out what jobs are available, or whether they have anything available. Don't forget family and friend networks either. And look back at references - some of these people might have something available for you too.
   

Applying

1. Do not mention being fired in cover letters or in resumes.[1] These documents should remain upbeat and positive in their presentation.
   
2. Leave out difficult explanations on job application forms. On your application, write "would like to discuss in person", or "job ended", or "terminated", under the reason for leaving.[2]
   
3. Leave out that which can just increase doubt for no good reason. If you were only with a job for a few days/weeks before being fired, there's no reason to even list it on your application/resume. Consider it as a trial period rather than as a real job.
   

The interview

1. Be prepared. At this point, you might be asked "Why were you fired?" once it becomes clear from the application form that something is up. Have a read through Joyce Lain Kennedy's suggested answers as a way to begin preparing yourself. And be prepared to not labor the point; Kennedy says "Practice in advance what you'll say. Then keep it brief, keep it honest and keep it moving."[3]
   
2. Be honest. When telling interviewers why you were fired, start by telling the truth. Tell people what happened and what you have learned from the experience.
   
   • You can disguise the reason for your termination but don't stoop to lying that it happened. Lying to an employer about your reason for leaving could result in your immediate termination. Most don't specify between firings and layoffs but lay-offs are usually indicative of a business decision.
     
3. Take responsibility for what happened. It is incredibly important that you don’t point fingers looking for other people to blame. That will simply suggest to your potential new employer that you don't stand up and take responsibility and that you gossip vindictively.
   
   • Don't speak poorly about your former employer even after you've been fired. This is especially important when speaking to future employers and interviewers. Tell them how loyal you were to the company, how you had hoped to retire from there someday and how unfortunate it was to be downsized.
     
   • Tell them how great everyone was. Even if you were plainly fired, a glowing review of the old company makes you seem less threatening.
     
4. Keep your answer about the firing issue brief. Don’t start rambling and tell a long story which could get you into more trouble by making you look defensive.
   

Making use of references

1. Use your references to defend you. If you can find several former colleagues or management-level staff who can give a reference and positively explain your departure, you’ll be one step closer in your job search.
   
2. Remember that not all employers have the time or inclination to check references, so bear that in mind. If the job you were fired from is further down on your resume, there's a good chance the employer isn't going to bother checking it, so admitting to being fired from that job isn't always in your best interest.
   
3. Be aware that most reference calls to your former employer will simply state that you worked there from (dates of employment). In a number of jurisdictions, employers can be sued if they divulge specific issues about your employment.
   

Injecting realism into your new job hunt

1. Be prepared for losing out on some job opportunities. The reality is that some potential employers will shy away from you when they find out you were fired and the reason behind it. In some cases, you might not be able to avoid this if the employer doesn’t have an open mind or if the reason you were fired was very serious.
   

Tips

• Remember that the severity of the reason you were fired can make things more difficult. It is much easier to explain away a few late or missed days of work than it is to rationalize stealing thousands of dollars of merchandise.
  
• Remember that layoffs, firings, downsizing and corporate restructuring are more common in today's corporate workplace. Depending on your industry these changes can be quite common and completely overlooked in hiring decisions. Getting fired nowadays doesn't carry the same negative stigma it may have done 20-30 years ago.
  
• If you can, omit the job from your resume. If you worked there less than three months, it's much easier to claim to be unemployed during that time than to try to explain a firing in a position that was a poor match for you. Naturally, you shouldn't include anything positive from this prior job either. Being fired has a tremendous negative connotation and avoiding it, if at all possible, is best.
  
• There is one school of thought that suggests it is better not to admit to having been fired.[4] In this case, you would need to resort to saying that you left to do consulting, the company downsized, etc., but avoid using the word "fired". The theory behind this is that it puts you in a very weak light and caters to those who don't like to give second chances by hiring someone who has knowingly been fired. The problem with this approach is proving you have done something else in the interim, so you might want to think this line through carefully. The better view is to put as positive a gloss on the situation as possible.
  
• Consider the matter of privacy. Looked at from this perspective, it could be thought that it isn't anyone else's business why you left a previous job. Thus, any prospective employer is going to have to evaluate you on your interview skills, your resume and your strong references. Again, the trouble with this view is that most employers do think it is their business, for sound business reasons of wanting to be sure that they're getting someone of good value and who is trustworthy.
  

Warnings

• Probably the worst thing you can do is lie during an interview when explaining why you got fired. If you’ve been fired and are then caught in a lie, that makes you a liar who got fired, so you’ll then have two strikes against you. If you get fired again, it's hard to explain that you got fired for lying about how you got fired - how can they trust you?
  
• Be all the more careful if your town or city is small and has a "village gossip" mentality. Within the same industry, people will tend to know what has happened, so be truthful!
  

Related wikiHows

• How to Switch Careers
  
• How to Get a Job in Another State
  
• How to Find a Good Job in 14 Days or Less
  
• How to Be Fired Gracefully
  
• How to Cope with Being Fired
  

Sources and Citations

1. ↑ About.com, Resumes and Cover Letters
2. ↑ About.com, Resumes and Cover Letters
3. ↑ About.com. Joyce Lain Kennedy's sample answers to the interview question "Why were you fired?"
4. ↑ Idealist.org, Was I fired, or did I resign?

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