How to Emigrate from the US to Canada As a Skilled Worker or Professional

Skilled workers are selected as permanent residents based on their education, work experience, knowledge of English and/or French, and other criteria that have been shown to help them become economically established in Canada.
This section will help you to find guides, information and the forms you need to apply as a federal skilled worker. Please note: the Federal Skilled Worker Program is for people coming to any part of Canada except Quebec. The province of Quebec is responsible for selecting its own skilled workers. If you plan on living in Quebec, see Quebec-selected skilled workers for more information.
The rules for applying as a federal skilled worker can change from time to time, so make sure you visit this site regularly if you are considering immigrating to Canada as a federal skilled worker.
Before you apply, make sure you refer to the updated selection criteria under Who can apply below, and are familiar with the current application procedures. After you apply, make sure you return to this Web page to find out about the steps that follow.

Steps

1. Skilled workers and professionals: Who can apply
   
2. Skilled workers are people who are selected as permanent residents based on their ability to become economically established in Canada.
   
3. Federal skilled worker applications received on or after February 27, 2008 are now assessed for eligibility according to a set of instructions issued by the Minister of Citizenship, Immigration and Multiculturalism.
   
4. You can find out more about the instructions in the Learn about section at the bottom of this page.
   
5. Your application will be reviewed in three steps.
   
6. According to the Minister’s instructions, your application is eligible for processing if:
   
   • you have an offer of arranged employment, OR
     
   • you are a foreign national who has been living legally in Canada for one year as a temporary foreign worker or an international student, OR
     
   • you are a skilled worker who has at least one year of experience in one or more of the occupations listed here.
     
7. If your application is eligible for processing, you must also meet the following minimum requirements to qualify as a skilled worker:
   
   • you have at least one year of continuous full-time paid work experience or the equivalent in part-time continuous employment, AND
     
   • your work experience must be Skill Type 0 (managerial occupations) or Skill Level A (professional occupations) or B (technical occupations and skilled trades) on the Canadian National Occupational Classification list, AND
     
   • you must have had this experience within the last 10 years.
     
8. If you meet these minimum requirements, your application will then be processed according to the six selection factors in the skilled worker points grid. The six selection factors are:
   
   • your education
     
   • your abilities in English and/or French, Canada’s two official languages
     
   • your work experience
     
   • your age
     
   • whether you have arranged employment in Canada, and
     
   • your adaptability.
     
9. You must also show that you have enough money to support yourself and your dependants after you arrive in Canada.
   
10. If you are not sure if you should apply as a skilled worker, you can:
    

Tips

• Skilled workers and professionals: Who can apply—Six selection factors and pass mark
  
• Will you qualify?
  
• If you are eligible to apply as a skilled worker, you will be assessed on six selection factors and a point system. Learn more about each factor by clicking on it.
  
• Selection Factor Points
  
• Education Maximum 25 points
  
• Ability in English and/or French Maximum 24 points
  
• Experience Maximum 21 points
  
• Age Maximum 10 points
  
• Arranged employment in Canada Maximum 10 points
  
• Adaptability Maximum 10 points
  
• Total Maximum 100 points
  
• Pass mark 67 points
  
• You can assess your qualifications using the skilled worker self-assessment test from Citizenship and Immigration Canada.
  
• http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/immigrate/skilled/assess/index.asp
  
• If your score is the same or higher than the pass mark, then you may qualify to immigrate to Canada as a skilled worker. Review the information about immigrating to Canada as a skilled worker and decide if you want to apply.
  
• If your score is lower than the pass mark, you are not likely to qualify to immigrate to Canada as a skilled worker. We recommend that you do not apply at this time.
  
• However, you can still apply if you believe other factors would show that you are able to establish yourself in Canada and support your dependants. Send a detailed letter with your application explaining why you think you are able to become economically established in Canada. Include any documents that support your claim.
  
• Principal applicant
  
• If you are married or living with a common-law partner, either you or your spouse can apply as the principal applicant. Use the self-assessment test to help you determine which person is likely to earn the most points. The person who would earn the most points should apply as the principal applicant. The other person would be considered as a dependant in the applications.
  
• Note: A common-law partner is a person who has lived with you in a conjugal relationship for at least one year. Common-law partner refers to both opposite-sex and same-sex couples.
  

Things You'll Need

• Instructions on which skilled worker applications are eligible for processing
  
• Under changes to the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act, federal skilled worker applications are assessed for eligibility according to the eligibility criteria listed below. Note: This does not apply to applicants intending to live in the province of Quebec.
  
• These criteria affect you only if you applied on or after February 27, 2008. If you applied before February 27, 2008, your application will be processed according to the rules that were in effect at that time.
  
• Is my application eligible for processing?
  
• In order for your application to be eligible for processing, you must either:
  
  • have an offer of arranged employment, OR
    
  • be a foreign national living legally in Canada for one year as a temporary foreign worker or an international student, OR
    
  • be a skilled worker who has at least one year of experience in one or more of the following occupations:
    
• 0111: Financial Managers
  
• 0213: Computer and Information Systems Managers
  
• 0311: Managers in Health Care
  
• 0631: Restaurant and Food Service Managers
  

• 0711: Construction Managers
  
• 1111: Financial Auditors and Accountants
  
• 2113: Geologists, Geochemists and Geophysicists
  
• 2143: Mining Engineers
  
• 2144: Geological Engineers
  
• 2145: Petroleum Engineers
  
• 3111: Specialist Physicians
  
• 3112: General Practitioners and Family Physicians
  
• 3141: Audiologists and Speech Language Pathologists
  
• 3143: Occupational Therapists
  
• 3142: Physiotherapists
  
• 3151: Head Nurses and Supervisors
  
• 3152: Registered Nurses
  
• 3215: Medical Radiation Technologists
  
• 3233: Licensed Practical Nurses
  
• 4121: University Professors
  
• 4131: College and Other Vocational Instructors
  
• 6241: Chefs
  
• 6242: Cooks
  
• 7213: Contractors and Supervisors, Pipefitting Trades
  
• 7215: Contractors and Supervisors, Carpentry Trades
  
• 7217: Contractors and Supervisors, Heavy Construction Equipment Crews
  
• 7241: Electricians (Except Industrial and Power System)
  
• 7242: Industrial Electricians
  
• 7251: Plumbers
  
• 7252: Steamfitters, Pipe fitters and Sprinkler System Installers
  
• 7265: Welders and Related Machine Operators
  
• 7312: Heavy-Duty Equipment Mechanics
  
• 7371: Crane Operators
  
• 7372: Drillers and Blasters – Surface Mining, Quarrying and Construction
  
• 8221: Supervisors, Mining and Quarrying
  
• 8222: Supervisors, Oil and Gas Drilling and Service
  
• 9212: Supervisors, Petroleum, Gas and Chemical Processing and Utilities
  
• NOTE: the occupations above are all Skill Type 0 (managerial occupations) or Skill Level A (professional occupations) or B (technical occupations and skilled trades) on the Canadian National Occupational Classification list.
  
• If you are not sure if you should apply as a skilled worker, you can use the eligibility tool to get an idea of whether your application would be eligible for processing.
  
• Federal skilled worker applicants who do not meet the above criteria will be informed of this and will have their processing fee refunded.
  

Related wikiHows

• How to Summarize Your Computer Proficiencies
  
• How to Find and Hire a Professional SAP Consultant
  
• How to Find a Job Using Search Sites
  
• How to Be a Success at a Job Fair
  

Sources and Citations

• Citizenship and Immigration Canada. (2008) http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/immigrate/skilled/apply-who.asp
  

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How to Get a Job After You've Been Fired

Obviously, getting fired isn’t an ideal situation to ever be in. All the same, it’s certainly a situation that can be dealt with strategically, so that you get back into the workforce again quickly, with a minimum of discomfort.

Steps

Deciding what happens next

1. Accept what has happened to you. It is a lot more difficult to move forward unencumbered by the past jetsam if you haven't worked it through. Whether or not you were at fault as the reason for firing, you need to be ready to move on and find a positive way forward. It is also important to have worked out any issues concerning wrongful termination because this can prevent you from moving on.
   
   • Leave shame behind. You shouldn't be ashamed of being laid off from a job in the majority of cases. If an employer should ask, and the reason was as part of "lay-offs", explain that it was a lay-off, as lay-offs are typically financially or strategically motivated, and are less an issue of employee performance.
     
   • Understand why you were fired. If others were also being fired you shouldn't consider it as an attack on you personally but a "lay-off", which is more and more common in today's corporate world.
     
   • Don't take generalized reasons too much to heart. Some companies may direct specific reasons to why they are firing you but that could just be their way of conducting lay-offs.
     
   • Use the lay-off situation to your advantage. If others were laid off, use this as a way of explaining that the company had been laying off employees for sometime and you were let go along with ___ other people that week.
     
2. Consider which industry you want to work in. This is a very important step as you don't necessarily have to stay in the field you've always been in. Do some research into other options and see if you meet the requirements, or whether you can perhaps spend some time studying to bridge your existing knowledge into the new field.
   
3. Accept the work involved in finding a new job. Looking for work is like a job in its own right. You will need to research, prepare your resume (see next step), look for vacancies, talk to people, make decisions about what does and does not lead to profitable results for you. Expect to put in a decent few hours each day on finding a new job.
   
4. Spruce up your resume. It's likely it's not in the best shape that it could be. Given the subjective nature of resumes, it's a good time to think about a small outlay of funds to have a professional fix it for you, to ensure that you are polished as highly as possible and ready to get out there again. Alternately, if you would really prefer to make your own, put in some good effort and time into it, and do some background research to find free resources on making it as effective as possible.
   
5. Network. Talk to the people you know to find out what jobs are available, or whether they have anything available. Don't forget family and friend networks either. And look back at references - some of these people might have something available for you too.
   

Applying

1. Do not mention being fired in cover letters or in resumes.[1] These documents should remain upbeat and positive in their presentation.
   
2. Leave out difficult explanations on job application forms. On your application, write "would like to discuss in person", or "job ended", or "terminated", under the reason for leaving.[2]
   
3. Leave out that which can just increase doubt for no good reason. If you were only with a job for a few days/weeks before being fired, there's no reason to even list it on your application/resume. Consider it as a trial period rather than as a real job.
   

The interview

1. Be prepared. At this point, you might be asked "Why were you fired?" once it becomes clear from the application form that something is up. Have a read through Joyce Lain Kennedy's suggested answers as a way to begin preparing yourself. And be prepared to not labor the point; Kennedy says "Practice in advance what you'll say. Then keep it brief, keep it honest and keep it moving."[3]
   
2. Be honest. When telling interviewers why you were fired, start by telling the truth. Tell people what happened and what you have learned from the experience.
   
   • You can disguise the reason for your termination but don't stoop to lying that it happened. Lying to an employer about your reason for leaving could result in your immediate termination. Most don't specify between firings and layoffs but lay-offs are usually indicative of a business decision.
     
3. Take responsibility for what happened. It is incredibly important that you don’t point fingers looking for other people to blame. That will simply suggest to your potential new employer that you don't stand up and take responsibility and that you gossip vindictively.
   
   • Don't speak poorly about your former employer even after you've been fired. This is especially important when speaking to future employers and interviewers. Tell them how loyal you were to the company, how you had hoped to retire from there someday and how unfortunate it was to be downsized.
     
   • Tell them how great everyone was. Even if you were plainly fired, a glowing review of the old company makes you seem less threatening.
     
4. Keep your answer about the firing issue brief. Don’t start rambling and tell a long story which could get you into more trouble by making you look defensive.
   

Making use of references

1. Use your references to defend you. If you can find several former colleagues or management-level staff who can give a reference and positively explain your departure, you’ll be one step closer in your job search.
   
2. Remember that not all employers have the time or inclination to check references, so bear that in mind. If the job you were fired from is further down on your resume, there's a good chance the employer isn't going to bother checking it, so admitting to being fired from that job isn't always in your best interest.
   
3. Be aware that most reference calls to your former employer will simply state that you worked there from (dates of employment). In a number of jurisdictions, employers can be sued if they divulge specific issues about your employment.
   

Injecting realism into your new job hunt

1. Be prepared for losing out on some job opportunities. The reality is that some potential employers will shy away from you when they find out you were fired and the reason behind it. In some cases, you might not be able to avoid this if the employer doesn’t have an open mind or if the reason you were fired was very serious.
   

Tips

• Remember that the severity of the reason you were fired can make things more difficult. It is much easier to explain away a few late or missed days of work than it is to rationalize stealing thousands of dollars of merchandise.
  
• Remember that layoffs, firings, downsizing and corporate restructuring are more common in today's corporate workplace. Depending on your industry these changes can be quite common and completely overlooked in hiring decisions. Getting fired nowadays doesn't carry the same negative stigma it may have done 20-30 years ago.
  
• If you can, omit the job from your resume. If you worked there less than three months, it's much easier to claim to be unemployed during that time than to try to explain a firing in a position that was a poor match for you. Naturally, you shouldn't include anything positive from this prior job either. Being fired has a tremendous negative connotation and avoiding it, if at all possible, is best.
  
• There is one school of thought that suggests it is better not to admit to having been fired.[4] In this case, you would need to resort to saying that you left to do consulting, the company downsized, etc., but avoid using the word "fired". The theory behind this is that it puts you in a very weak light and caters to those who don't like to give second chances by hiring someone who has knowingly been fired. The problem with this approach is proving you have done something else in the interim, so you might want to think this line through carefully. The better view is to put as positive a gloss on the situation as possible.
  
• Consider the matter of privacy. Looked at from this perspective, it could be thought that it isn't anyone else's business why you left a previous job. Thus, any prospective employer is going to have to evaluate you on your interview skills, your resume and your strong references. Again, the trouble with this view is that most employers do think it is their business, for sound business reasons of wanting to be sure that they're getting someone of good value and who is trustworthy.
  

Warnings

• Probably the worst thing you can do is lie during an interview when explaining why you got fired. If you’ve been fired and are then caught in a lie, that makes you a liar who got fired, so you’ll then have two strikes against you. If you get fired again, it's hard to explain that you got fired for lying about how you got fired - how can they trust you?
  
• Be all the more careful if your town or city is small and has a "village gossip" mentality. Within the same industry, people will tend to know what has happened, so be truthful!
  

Related wikiHows

• How to Switch Careers
  
• How to Get a Job in Another State
  
• How to Find a Good Job in 14 Days or Less
  
• How to Be Fired Gracefully
  
• How to Cope with Being Fired
  

Sources and Citations

1. ↑ About.com, Resumes and Cover Letters
2. ↑ About.com, Resumes and Cover Letters
3. ↑ About.com. Joyce Lain Kennedy's sample answers to the interview question "Why were you fired?"
4. ↑ Idealist.org, Was I fired, or did I resign?

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How to Get Fast Jobs

Do you need some money, but are too young to be officially employed? Then read this article.

Steps

1. Permission. Get your parents permission, as you will probably be going over to other peoples houses, or bringing others into your home.
   
2. Pick a job. Decide what services you will offer. Will you babysit, mow lawn, trim hedges, clean swimming pools or walk/wash dogs? Choose something that will be manageable.
   
3. Price it. After you figure out what you'd like to do, come up with some reasonable prices, such as $2.50 an hour for babysitting, $5 for a lawn-mowing, $10 to wash a dog etc.
   
4. Advertise. Never put an article in the newspaper. A lot of psychos read the paper and you don't want them to show up at your home. Instead, create fliers and put them in the mailboxes of people you know and trust, along with a note asking them not to tell strangers about you or your work.
   
5. Tell your parents. After you have a client, tell your parents when you will be doing your job, the number for where you will be, the arrangement for drop-off and pick-up, and what your client will do in the meantime. It may be helpful to create a code such as, "Did you feed Sam?" to mean that your parents should drive you home because the people you are babysitting for are drunk or any other harmful situation.
   
6. Enjoy. Enjoy, spend, or save the money you made, and be proud of yourself for earning your reward through hard work!
   

Tips

• It is best if you do this only with your parents knowledge
  
• Do this in a SAFE neighborhood, and don't be afraid to decline the job if you are uncomfortable with the neighborhood or person.
  
• Be respectful to your employer
  
• Take a friend with you to make it more fun. Just don't forget you're on the job!
  

Warnings

• Always be cautious, even if you know your client well.
  

Things You'll Need

• Flyers
  
• Work ethic
  
• Cell phone w/ 911 on speed dial
  

Related wikiHows

• How to Earn Money to Buy an Expensive Bike
  
• How to Start a Business As a Teenager
  
• How to Make Money When You Are Too Young to Get a Job
  
• How to Save Money at a Young Age
  
• How to Earn and Save Money
  

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How to Apply for USPS Jobs

A job at the USPS can be lucrative and provide a plethora of benefits, similar to the benefits received by federal employees. However, it can be a process that’s sometimes difficult to understand since there are numerous rules and prerequisites that are required. If you need to learn about how to apply for USPS jobs, here are a few simple steps that can get you well on your way to becoming a USPS employee.

Steps

Learn the Qualifying Steps Needed to Apply for USPS Jobs

1. Learn the age requirement of 18 years old.
   
2. Be a U.S. Citizen, a citizen of any territory pledging allegiance to the U.S., such as American Samoa, or a lawful resident in ownership of a green card.
   
3. Display proficiency in English as a language.
   
4. Provide an employment history of up to 10 years, a criminal history and your military service history.
   
5. Pass a drug screening and medical evaluation.
   
6. Have a clean driving record.
   

Find Out About the Application Procedures Required

1. Have a working e-mail account.
   
2. Find job openings online at the USPS site, which will require you to enable Java script on your computer.
   
3. Create an eCareer profile on the USPS site, which has you list an accomplishment summary for their use and consideration.
   
4. Download a pre-employment screening and motor vehicle operator and tractor trailer operator assessment worksheet.
   
5. Check out the individual applications that you can download for specific jobs performed at the post office.
   
6. Learn which jobs require a written exam, such as mail handlers and clerical positions.
   
7. Review the facts page for applying for a job on the USPS site.
   

Learn About the Benefits of Working for the United States Postal Service

1. Learn about the compensation package, which includes competitive pay rates, regular salary increases, overtime pay, differential shift pay and premium pay for Sunday work.
   
2. Become familiar with the insurance benefits offered, such as health insurance and life insurance. Both are competitively affordable with most of the premiums carried by the USPS.
   
3. Learn about the retirement and savings plans offered such as 401K and retirement payments.
   
4. Be aware of the paid leave benefits offered, which includes paid vacations and paid sick time off.
   
5. Gain knowledge of the flexible spending account plan offered that you could use for medical expenses out of pocket and child care payments.
   
6. Know about the holiday pay offered for 10 holidays per year. These are paid days off for USPS employees.
   

Take Practice Exams

1. Find online practice exams to be able to familiarize yourself with what types of questions are asked. Some are free but most places offer paid packages to prepare yourself for when you apply for a USPS job.
   
2. Download the Test 473 study guide directly from the USPS website. This is an orientation guide for major entry level jobs.
   

Locate Where and How to Apply

1. Apply for and pass the exam with a score of at least 70.
   
2. Submit your application online at the USPS site or call 1-866-999-8777 (TTY 1-800-800-8776) to apply by phone.
   

Tips

• Have all the needed documentation ready at your disposal so that you can save time when applying.
  

Warnings

• Beware of online scams guaranteeing USPS jobs in exchange for compensation.
  

Related wikiHows

• How to Get a US Government Job
  
• How to Apply for a Job
  
• How to Write a Resume
  
• How to Avoid Interview Mistakes
  

Sources and Citations

• http://www.usps.com/employment/welcome.htm
  
• http://postalwork.net/
  
• http://www.cityjobslinks.com/usps/usps_how_to_apply.html
  
• http://faq.usps.com/eCustomer/iq/usps/request.do?session={104e1230-7640-11de-d82a-000000000000}&view%28%29=c{3dac1610-21b8-11dd-665e-000000000000}&varset%28source%29=sourceType:topNFAQ&tTitle=Top%2010%20FAQ%27s
  

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How to Build Rapport During an Employment Interview

Employment interviews can succeed or fail based on the behavior of those present. A nervous, edgy person may not show their true capabilities. By learning to build rapport during an employment interview, you can often increase the odds of a successful employer / employee match.

Steps

Applicants

1. Prepare thoroughly for the appointment. It's easier to stay calm during an interview when you arrive prepared and confident.
   
   • Organize your paperwork.
     
   • Choose your clothes the day before. Have them pressed and ready.
     
   • Familiarize yourself with the company's Web site.
     
   • Practice your answers to common interview questions.
     
   • Find out exactly where your interview will take place.
     
2. Make a solid first impression. Arrive 10 – 15 minutes early and present a calm, friendly exterior.
   
3. Smile and firmly shake hands while making eye contact with your interviewer.
   
4. Use posture to show confidence and interest in the conversation. Keep your back straight and your hands relaxed.
   
5. Listen closely and be present. The object is to connect with your interviewer, not to think about what you'll say next.
   
6. Answer questions honestly. Skilled interviewers can detect deception, and an honest, "I'm not sure," is preferable to a lie.
   
7. Ask about the company's goals. Showing interest helps build rapport during an employment interview.
   
8. Create a connection before you leave the office. Avoid empty compliments ("Nice suit!") and comment about something you have in common instead. ("Are those your kids in that photo? Mine are 4 and 6. They're a handful!") When you relate to an interviewer on a personal level, you make a lasting impression that can give you a competitive edge.
   
9. Thank the interviewer for his or her time and express that you enjoyed the meeting. Offer a genuine smile and a firm handshake as you exit.
   

Interviewers

1. Start the interview on time. Extend a warm greeting with a smile to put the person at ease.
   
2. Help your applicant relax during an interview by setting a relaxed tone.
   
   • Use body language to convey an open, friendly attitude. Smile, and sit straight but comfortably in your chair. Keep your hands at rest when not taking interview notes.
     
   • Consider removing your jacket, loosening your tie or rolling up your sleeves (if appropriate to your company environment.)
     
   • Speak to your prospective employee in a warm, professional manner.
     
3. Comment on the person's strengths in a meaningful way. ("I see you have extensive experience in Social Media Marketing. Excellent! We're looking for an innovative person to expand our presence online.")
   
4. Encourage your interviewee to ask questions and give him or her plenty of time to answer yours.
   
5. Create a sense of solidarity. Find common ground where you can relate to one another, preferably on a social scale. ("You graduated from XYZ College. They have an outstanding football team. Are you a fan?")
   
6. End the interview on a positive note even if the candidate is unsuitable for the position. The applicant may talk to others about the experience, and your representation of the company matters.
   

Sources and Citations

• http://www.bls.gov/oco/oco20045.htm
  
• http://www.academictips.org/career/top_ten_interview_tips.html
  
• http://www.salary.com/personal/layoutscripts/psnl_articles.asp?tab=psn&cat=cat159&ser=ser032∂=par291
  

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How to Get Management Consulting Jobs

Curious what consultants actually do? Want to work for firms like Boston Consulting Group or Accenture? Eager to be on your way to the C-suites at Fortune 500 companies? Read on!

Steps

1. Create a list of the firms you'd like to apply for. The Vault Guide is a great resource for a list of firms by popular opinion. Google search is another great way to discover consulting firms in your area of expertise or geography
   
2. Prepare your resume/cv! Make sure it is one page or less, 12 point font, with at least 0.5" margins. Talk to your most important work accomplishments, your hard skills, your educational background, and your personal hobbies.
   
3. Network, network, network. Leverage your personal and professional networks to meet people at your firms of interest. Find emails online and send your resume in. However, a personal contact typically works best.
   
4. Get ready for interviews and case studies. Study for them online - most of the top firms have free case studies with suggested answers. Study yourself in front of a mirror, tape yourself through a webcam and practice interviewing with friends as well
   
5. Land offers and negotiate your salary! This is obviously the fun part, but if you do well, it can also be a big step between being 100% happy and feeling you got shortchanged.
   

Tips

• If you call senior consultants or partners, beware the gatekeepers (eg, secretaries). Try calling earlier in the morning (before 8am) or late in the afternoon (after 6pm). Typically gatekeepers will no longer be there, and you may actually reach the decision maker!
  
• Ultimately consulting is an interesting job only if you truly enjoy the work: be prepared to work long hours in small rooms with a small team, on very data and analytics heavy problems
  

Sources and Citations

• Sources:
  
• Management Consulted (http://www.managementconsulted.com)
  
• What is management consulting? (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management_consulting)
  
• Wetfeet industry overview (http://www.wetfeet.com/Careers-and-Industries/Careers/Consulting.aspx)
  

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How to Get a Job After You've Been Fired

Obviously, getting fired isn’t an ideal situation to ever be in. All the same, it’s certainly a situation that can be dealt with strategically, so that you get back into the workforce again quickly, with a minimum of discomfort.

Steps

Deciding what happens next

1. Accept what has happened to you. It is a lot more difficult to move forward unencumbered by the past jetsam if you haven't worked it through. Whether or not you were at fault as the reason for firing, you need to be ready to move on and find a positive way forward. It is also important to have worked out any issues concerning wrongful termination because this can prevent you from moving on.
   
   • Leave shame behind. You shouldn't be ashamed of being laid off from a job in the majority of cases. If an employer should ask, and the reason was as part of "lay-offs", explain that it was a lay-off, as lay-offs are typically financially or strategically motivated, and are less an issue of employee performance.
     
   • Understand why you were fired. If others were also being fired you shouldn't consider it as an attack on you personally but a "lay-off", which is more and more common in today's corporate world.
     
   • Don't take generalized reasons too much to heart. Some companies may direct specific reasons to why they are firing you but that could just be their way of conducting lay-offs.
     
   • Use the lay-off situation to your advantage. If others were laid off, use this as a way of explaining that the company had been laying off employees for sometime and you were let go along with ___ other people that week.
     
2. Consider which industry you want to work in. This is a very important step as you don't necessarily have to stay in the field you've always been in. Do some research into other options and see if you meet the requirements, or whether you can perhaps spend some time studying to bridge your existing knowledge into the new field.
   
3. Accept the work involved in finding a new job. Looking for work is like a job in its own right. You will need to research, prepare your resume (see next step), look for vacancies, talk to people, make decisions about what does and does not lead to profitable results for you. Expect to put in a decent few hours each day on finding a new job.
   
4. Spruce up your resume. It's likely it's not in the best shape that it could be. Given the subjective nature of resumes, it's a good time to think about a small outlay of funds to have a professional fix it for you, to ensure that you are polished as highly as possible and ready to get out there again. Alternately, if you would really prefer to make your own, put in some good effort and time into it, and do some background research to find free resources on making it as effective as possible.
   
5. Network. Talk to the people you know to find out what jobs are available, or whether they have anything available. Don't forget family and friend networks either. And look back at references - some of these people might have something available for you too.
   

Applying

1. Do not mention being fired in cover letters or in resumes.[1] These documents should remain upbeat and positive in their presentation.
   
2. Leave out difficult explanations on job application forms. On your application, write "would like to discuss in person", or "job ended", or "terminated", under the reason for leaving.[2]
   
3. Leave out that which can just increase doubt for no good reason. If you were only with a job for a few days/weeks before being fired, there's no reason to even list it on your application/resume. Consider it as a trial period rather than as a real job.
   

The interview

1. Be prepared. At this point, you might be asked "Why were you fired?" once it becomes clear from the application form that something is up. Have a read through Joyce Lain Kennedy's suggested answers as a way to begin preparing yourself. And be prepared to not labor the point; Kennedy says "Practice in advance what you'll say. Then keep it brief, keep it honest and keep it moving."[3]
   
2. Be honest. When telling interviewers why you were fired, start by telling the truth. Tell people what happened and what you have learned from the experience.
   
   • You can disguise the reason for your termination but don't stoop to lying that it happened. Lying to an employer about your reason for leaving could result in your immediate termination. Most don't specify between firings and layoffs but lay-offs are usually indicative of a business decision.
     
3. Take responsibility for what happened. It is incredibly important that you don’t point fingers looking for other people to blame. That will simply suggest to your potential new employer that you don't stand up and take responsibility and that you gossip vindictively.
   
   • Don't speak poorly about your former employer even after you've been fired. This is especially important when speaking to future employers and interviewers. Tell them how loyal you were to the company, how you had hoped to retire from there someday and how unfortunate it was to be downsized.
     
   • Tell them how great everyone was. Even if you were plainly fired, a glowing review of the old company makes you seem less threatening.
     
4. Keep your answer about the firing issue brief. Don’t start rambling and tell a long story which could get you into more trouble by making you look defensive.
   

Making use of references

1. Use your references to defend you. If you can find several former colleagues or management-level staff who can give a reference and positively explain your departure, you’ll be one step closer in your job search.
   
2. Remember that not all employers have the time or inclination to check references, so bear that in mind. If the job you were fired from is further down on your resume, there's a good chance the employer isn't going to bother checking it, so admitting to being fired from that job isn't always in your best interest.
   
3. Be aware that most reference calls to your former employer will simply state that you worked there from (dates of employment). In a number of jurisdictions, employers can be sued if they divulge specific issues about your employment.
   

Injecting realism into your new job hunt

1. Be prepared for losing out on some job opportunities. The reality is that some potential employers will shy away from you when they find out you were fired and the reason behind it. In some cases, you might not be able to avoid this if the employer doesn’t have an open mind or if the reason you were fired was very serious.
   

Tips

• Remember that the severity of the reason you were fired can make things more difficult. It is much easier to explain away a few late or missed days of work than it is to rationalize stealing thousands of dollars of merchandise.
  
• Remember that layoffs, firings, downsizing and corporate restructuring are more common in today's corporate workplace. Depending on your industry these changes can be quite common and completely overlooked in hiring decisions. Getting fired nowadays doesn't carry the same negative stigma it may have done 20-30 years ago.
  
• If you can, omit the job from your resume. If you worked there less than three months, it's much easier to claim to be unemployed during that time than to try to explain a firing in a position that was a poor match for you. Naturally, you shouldn't include anything positive from this prior job either. Being fired has a tremendous negative connotation and avoiding it, if at all possible, is best.
  
• There is one school of thought that suggests it is better not to admit to having been fired.[4] In this case, you would need to resort to saying that you left to do consulting, the company downsized, etc., but avoid using the word "fired". The theory behind this is that it puts you in a very weak light and caters to those who don't like to give second chances by hiring someone who has knowingly been fired. The problem with this approach is proving you have done something else in the interim, so you might want to think this line through carefully. The better view is to put as positive a gloss on the situation as possible.
  
• Consider the matter of privacy. Looked at from this perspective, it could be thought that it isn't anyone else's business why you left a previous job. Thus, any prospective employer is going to have to evaluate you on your interview skills, your resume and your strong references. Again, the trouble with this view is that most employers do think it is their business, for sound business reasons of wanting to be sure that they're getting someone of good value and who is trustworthy.
  

Warnings

• Probably the worst thing you can do is lie during an interview when explaining why you got fired. If you’ve been fired and are then caught in a lie, that makes you a liar who got fired, so you’ll then have two strikes against you. If you get fired again, it's hard to explain that you got fired for lying about how you got fired - how can they trust you?
  
• Be all the more careful if your town or city is small and has a "village gossip" mentality. Within the same industry, people will tend to know what has happened, so be truthful!
  

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• How to Switch Careers
  
• How to Get a Job in Another State
  
• How to Find a Good Job in 14 Days or Less
  
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Sources and Citations

1. ↑ About.com, Resumes and Cover Letters
2. ↑ About.com, Resumes and Cover Letters
3. ↑ About.com. Joyce Lain Kennedy's sample answers to the interview question "Why were you fired?"
4. ↑ Idealist.org, Was I fired, or did I resign?

Article provided by wikiHow, a wiki how-to manual. Please edit this article and find author credits at the original wikiHow article on How to Get a Job After You've Been Fired. All content on wikiHow can be shared under a Creative Commons license.


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How to Create a Job for Yourself

In this day and age, finding a job is increasingly difficult. If you can't find a the job for you, why not create it, or create jobs for others?

Steps

1. Plan. In order to create a job for yourself, you need to think about how exactly you will go about it, what you will do, etc. Set aside a notebook or folder for your planning. Make a list of all your work experience, skills, and achievements. Then, using this list, think about what you want to do in the way of a job. Will you be working for someone else, or be self-employed? What area or field do you want to work in? Will this be a full-time or part-time job? Also, you stand your best chance of creating a job where there is a need for this particular skill or job. Look into up-and-coming fields or check out businesses in the area to see what is missing and fill that void.
   
2. Gather your resources. Once you have a fairly clear idea of what you want in the way of a job, you need to prepare. Do you have an up-to-date resume? Do you have friends, relatives, or associates that may be able to help you? Do you need to take any courses or complete additional training in the field?
   
3. Now you're ready to go, get up and do it! Creating your own job often requires you to be assertive (not aggressive!) and seek out opportunities. Be kind to everyone you meet so you can gain an excellent reputation in your community. Networking is key at this stage. Maintain ongoing professional relationships with your business contacts/colleagues and be sure to meet all expectations and deadlines. Be sure to sell your services effectively, but do not be pushy or rude to anyone.
   
4. Be flexible. If you can't make a go of it in one area, don't beat yourself up. There are many reasons the job you are attempting to create may not work out. For one thing, if the job is too specific or 'niche' for most people/businesses, you are likely not going to succeed. A reptile pet grooming salon, for example, may not do quite as well as an animal grooming salon that services dogs, cats, and birds as well. However, there is also the danger of overextending yourself, or focusing on too broad a target instead, so be sure to find a happy medium. Do some research. If you are looking to create a job within an existing business, don't be too disappointed if you are turned down. With the current state of the economy, many businesses are letting employees go, and may not be able to take on another person. Don't take the rejection personally. Finally, you may lack the proper training required for a the job. If you want to become a freelance writer, for example, but have absolutely no experience in writing for publications, you are not likely to be successful without a few courses or articles to your name beforehand.
   
5. Keep your eyes open. Even if your job is a success and you are making money, a better opportunity may present itself. If you feel you can do better some other way or you see a great new idea that will make you even more money, take it! Many successful venture capitalists simply buy, sell, and merge businesses constantly and become extremely rich.
   

Tips

• There are three main types of jobs you can create for yourself:
  
  • Creating a position in an existing company. This is a good option that can secure you steady pay and good benefits if you are lucky enough to be hired on. Keep your eyes open and pay attention to areas where the company may be able to use more help. For example, if you were knowledgeable about computers and a company was using obsolete technology, you could propose to the company a job where you could update their computer systems and continually monitor and maintain them afterward. However, this is probably the most difficult type of job to create for yourself as the company must be able to afford to hire you as well as be interested in the services you have to offer. You will likely be rejected by a few companies before you find one that will hire you, so remain positive.
    
  • Freelance. Freelance jobs are, in a basic sense, when you are hired on a temporary contract to perform certain duties for a company. You do your job, they pay you a sum. This type of job is great if you want to travel the world, as you can look for jobs anywhere and move around a lot. You can also choose how little or how much you want to work, depending on how much you want to earn and how much time off you want. However, you usually need to be skilled in a field that typically hires freelancers. Photography and writing are the most common types of freelance jobs.
    
  • Start your own business. Whether it be cutting lawns in your neighbourhood or selling services to companies worldwide, this is probably the most surefire way to create a job for yourself. The key to starting a successful business (as a business that isn't successful is simply a drain on your funds) is to find a need or void in the market that you could fill. Do you have a great new invention, or could you improve on an existing one? Do you love food and want to open a trendy restaurant? Are you great at making jewelry and want to sell it online? Whatever you do, be prepared to invest a significant amount of time and money into your business before you make a profit. Don't try and copy other businesses: this is seldom successful and may lead to your bankruptcy or, even worse, a pricey lawsuit.
    

Warnings

• Be sure to be registered appropriately with the government and to file your taxes in a timely manner. It is illegal to work or operate a business without paying income tax. You could be fined large sums of money or spend time behind bars if you don't pay, so don't risk it.
  

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How to Find E Employment for Doing the E Business Through Highlance.Com

Outsourcing in current Global Financial recession has developed manifold making clear for the economists that Outsourcing business has no hindrance in prevailing financial constraints through which world is passing .The best source of E-employment for doing the E-business is through Freelance Marketplaces like Highlance.com . The trend of Freelance Jobs growing each passing day and more and more Freelance professionals are heading towards these Freelance Marketplaces and striving to get their Share from this open opportunity available worldwide through world Wide Web . Highlance is the great platform for small Businesses and Entrepreneurs to connect with Freelance professionals and getting their tasks done with ease powered by effective customer facilitation being offered by Highlance support .

Steps

1. Signup as a Provider(FREE) and build your profile.
   
2. Bid on any projects for free.
   
3. Communicate with project managers through messaging system!
   
4. If chosen, you can accept or deny the project.
   
5. Start work once buyer confirm the payments.
   
   • Payments are released to you once project is completed.
     
   • Project manager leaves a review for you.
     
6. You can also leave a review for the project manager.
   

Tips

• It is free to use for both buyers and service providers.
  
• Both buyer and provider can communicate using a messaging system PMB that is available to all registered users.
  
• Highlance provide comprehensive management tools and a fixed or flexible hourly payment model.
  
• As a user on Highlance you can work as both buyer and provider.
  

Article provided by wikiHow, a wiki how-to manual. Please edit this article and find author credits at the original wikiHow article on How to Find E Employment for Doing the E Business Through Highlance.Com. All content on wikiHow can be shared under a Creative Commons license.

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How to Escape Extreme Pressure Employment

You are intelligent with potential for a better life. But, for now, you are trapped in a suffocating job. Worse, you fear for your safety, physical, mental-or both. You're a night-shift security guard, sitting alone in a lonely lot, for years. You work a toll booth on the Verazzano Bridge and have no one to speak with all day. You're a soldier, a prison guard who works solitary confinement. You are whatever you are. But you know you can make a difference in the world. And create a better life for yourself, your loved-ones. You want to know how to: 1. Survive 2. Break out 3. Create that good life you always wanted

Steps

1. Come to grips with the fact that you can't take it anymore. The lower you've hit bottom, the higher you will go. Consider stopping caring about your work/colleagues criticism and you might feel more relaxed in the short term. Richard Templar says in the Rules of Wealth act as if you don't need the money and people will no longer have power over you.
   
2. Believe, from deep in your gut, that you can do better. Remember, almost no one was born rich, successful. If someone did it you can too.
   
3. Don't try to ignore your anger or frustration. They are your best weapons! Use them! Speak to your trade union representative if it helps.
   
4. Focus whatever emotions you have. And then some. It may take time, but to climb out of any hole takes time.
   
5. Work out. You must stay in shape to be able to be in control of yourself. Do not let your physical side go.
   
6. Hone yourself. Stay in excellent shape. Do it systematically: Aerobics, calisthenics. Whatever works for you.
   
7. Go after attainable goals to better yourself. Slowly work towards a degree. Get academic counseling, it's often free! Work/life-experience is more often than not translatable to credit. You may be closer than you think.
   
8. Express your goals to your loved ones. Tell them you need their support.
   
9. Every single day read number two above. Remember, every trip starts with one step. But you can do it, as long as you keep your eyes on the final goal.
   

Tips

• Speak to other people who have worked their way up. You can get encouragement from a lot of sources.
  
• Make a tiny improvement in your life, rather than no improvement. Then make another tiny improvement. For example, you might work in a dead-end job in a small company. Try to be very good at that dead-end job and then apply for the same dead-end type job in a big company that offers lots of benefits. Already you will be better off. Now try to get promoted or move sideways in that company.
  
• Even if your job is just a filling-in type "day-job" and you are constantly working on getting into your "real career" you will still be better off if you do your day-job as well as possible and make the best of it. If you never make it in the career of your dreams you will still have a better job than if you had just coasted through each working day.
  
• It may sound harsh, but steer clear of taking advice from people around you who haven't gotten out of their own pits. They are not your responsibility (unless they are), but you don't need anyone negative (sorry, shortest way to say it) dragging you down.
  
• Pray. At best, it may not do anything more than make you feel better, but at the worst, it may waste some time. The law of averages states that billions of people have been answered, yours might too. ...If you're actually religious then Remember: He is like a friend. Speaking sincerely with real hope is most likely to evoke His help, just like a flesh and blood buddy. Also, the One above deals with you as you do with others: You want help getting up -- your best advice is to help others below you along the way.
  

Warnings

• A bad day is nothing more than a bad day. It's not an sign that you are not succeeding. It's not an indication you can't. Or a message to resign yourself to wherever you are.
  
• It's so worth repeating: Do not let anyone's bad vibes drag you down. Stay with those people who give you give you that "injection" of energy.
  
• All trips begin with one step. But, keep your eye on the destination.
  
• It's up to you. Others have done it. You can too.
  

Related wikiHows

• How to Relax
  
• How to Relieve Stress
  

Sources and Citations

• Hands-on describes how to survive, http://www.IsraelBehindBars.com/.
  FOR MORE INFO CLICK HERE:

How to Get a Fishing Job in Alaska

Landing a commercial fishing job in Alaska -- for a summer gig or for a career -- is a dream shared by thousands. But how do you go about it?

Steps

1. Check your calendar. Typically, you will need to have at least two months clear to land a summer job in Alaska. Most of these are entry-level salmon-fishing jobs on small boats called trollers, gillnetters and purse seiners. They take place at different times, beginning in May and extending into the fall. Thousands of crew positions are available each summer in Alaska, and there is always a demand for smart, motivated people, both men and women.
   
2. Get in shape. Fishing in Alaska requires physical and mental stamina. If you possess those things, you'll be cool. If you don't, then get busy and develop them.
   
3. Contact the employers. The people who do most of the hiring and write the checks in the Alaskan commercial fishing industry are small-boat captains who winter all over the United States, but primarily in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska.
   

Tips

• An extensive list of FAQs, and other practical tools, can be found at the Alaska Fishing Jobs Center (AFJC), at http://www.FishingJobs.com. AFJC was founded by commercial fishing captains who were concerned about a scarcity of motivated and adventurous job-seekers entering one of the nation's most exciting and rewarding industries. AFJC is the only organization that puts motivated job-seekers directly in touch with fishing boat captains. AFJC members first educate themselves with the AFJC Handbook, then post an online Crew Profile, which is available to every licensed fishing boat captain in Alaska. The AFJC Handbook prepares aspiring crew members with a solid understanding of Alaska's commercial fisheries, the work involved, and the challenges of daily life on a fishing boat. Many people who have found jobs through AFJC have posted testimonials on the website, and they are very informative as well. The AFJC website can be found at http://www.FishingJobs.com.
  
• There are many different fisheries in Alaska, targeting many different species of fish and shellfish. They take place at different times and in different places. The single best way to learn about these fisheries, and break in "on the ground floor", is to land a salmon fishing job in Alaska, and then proceed from there.
  

Warnings

• Seafood processing jobs and cannery jobs should not be confused with actual fishing jobs. Processing and cannery jobs are essentially factory work. They are low-wage and repetitive. Fishing jobs, by contrast, are never the same two days running. They hold the potential for very good earnings as well as potential for advancement, up "through the ranks".
  

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Article provided by wikiHow, a wiki how-to manual. Please edit this article and find author credits at the original wikiHow article on How to Get a Fishing Job in Alaska. All content on wikiHow can be shared under a Creative Commons license.


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How to Choose a Suitable Job Position

To find the right job for you, you'll need to figure out what type of person you are, and what your interests are. For many jobs available, you will need the proper training or education. Most employers require at least a High School diploma, and some require a College Degree. However, a lot of jobs do offer on the job training, which would enable you to apply for that particular field. Try to match your personality, interests, knowledge, and age, with a position suitable for you.
Don't be afraid to venture out and try new things.

Steps

1. Consider a position in the medical, dental or pharmaceutical field if you are friendly and outgoing and educated or trained in this field. Other similar jobs include receptionist, cashier, waitress/waiter, or salesperson.
   
2. If you desire such a medical professional position but lack the education, be prepared for several years' school and high tuition bills. If you make it through, though, you're pretty much guaranteed a job whenever and wherever you want, with a very pretty paycheck.
   
3. Check out being a sample model, or cosmetic salesperson if you are friendly and attractive. You never know how far you can go with a great smile.
   
4. Try out creative professions if you've got that innovative streak. These could include something in the arts, flower arranging, interior decorating, etc. If you are creative and love to cook, a job in the culinary arts could be for you (you could also start your own catering business).
   
5. Embrace your energetic-side by getting involved as an exercise teacher, personal trainer, or coach. Check-out your local YMCA for options.
   
6. Seek out a more solitary job position if you are shy or moody. For example, driving a truck, plumbing, roofing, house painting, housekeeping, and so forth. There are many job positions that you can try.
   
7. Get into a management position if you consider yourself to be a take-charge sort of person. There are a wide range of positions to choose from...search the help wanted ads.
   
8. Become a teacher or caretaker, if you like being around children or the elderly. Normally, there are always positions available in those particular fields.
   
9. If you enjoy designing things, you may want to become a draftsman, or go to school to become an engineer. You may want to check some schools out that offer night classes, since most people are busy during the day.
   

Tips

• Consider trying a few 'personality type' tests such as the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). Many free online versions can be found on the web.
  
• When applying for a job that involves typing, do not let the fact that you can not type a hundred words a minute scare you off, if that is the case. There are many office jobs that require little typing, and look for accuracy over speed... invoicing doesn't require a lot of speed.
  
• If you are currently unemployed, consider working for a 'Temporary Agency'; you can get paid while trying out new types of jobs and working environments.
  
• Be willing to try different things; plus think seriously about what type of job suits you. Think of others while you are evaluating yourself; don't put having a personality disorder off on others.
  
• When you are seeking a job position that you have never tried, be sure to let your new employer know that you are eager to learn.
  
• If you are good at design work, you may want to seek out a field that you can exercise that... such as putting together catalogues, or doing paste up work. Search around to see what’s out there. You may possibly want to try designing your own greeting cards, sitting at home at your kitchen table... it's been done before.
  
• If you are good at drawing, then maybe try your luck at cartoon drawings and send them off to places like Readers' Digest, or Woman's World Magazine... you never know until you try.
  
• If you are fond of writing, there are endless ways to use that skill. Start with getting a Writers Market. You can go to the library if you choose not to buy one; but keep in mind that the library's books are a few years old.
  
• You can take a very limited education and do wonders with it. On the other hand, you can take the best education that money can buy and do nothing. You can always build on the foundation that is laid, if you have the right spirit.
  
• It takes all types of people doing all sorts of different jobs to maintain the world in which we live. We can all take pride in earning an honest dollar.
  
• If you like dressing-up and looking pretty and have good office skills, by all means, give office work a try. If you like working with numbers, bookkeeping may possibly be perfect for you.
  
• If you're a "hothead," you may want to get into Boxing, or join the Military Service. That should work some of that out of you.
  
• If you should choose to go into house cleaning; it is best to start out by going to work for an established Maid Service to learn the ropes, before venturing out on your own. Naturally, your pay will be less than if you are keeping all the profits. However, the Maid Service will furnish the supplies, instead of you. The pay is good in any case, all you need is the energy.
  
• If you enjoy polishing and caring for your own nails, you may be interested in becoming a Manicurist or "Nail Technician," to fancy the term up. Check out a directory for Beauty Schools by searching the Internet or telephone directory.
  
• You may be a person that enjoys applying makeup, kind of like an art form. If so, being a Makeup Artist may be "right up your alley." Once again, search under Beauty Schools on the Internet for classes. If you enjoy working with skin, search under Cosmetology. You could end up doing makeup for somebody famous, you never can tell, can you?
  
• If you love to dance, it is possible that with a little training, you could become a teacher of dance. You could even end up with your own Dance Studio, who knows?
  
• There's money to be made in Arts and Crafts, if you are skilled in that area. A person can sell their items at a Flea Market. Or in regards to selling your items, there are many other avenues to take. You can often place items in consignment and thrift shops. If you are good with computers, you can create your own Internet sales web site.
  
• If you speak very clearly and are easy to understand, you may enjoy Public Speaking.
  
• Ref. to step #8; A Draftsman needs special tools, the same as a Painter needs an Easel, or a Model needs a Portfolio. Therefore, a good place to search for great buys on tools is to surf the Internet... and be sure to check-out eBay.
  
• Note: This Article was written to represent all our workers, regardless of what job position they may have. They all help to make our lives better. Their hard work is very appreciated.
  

Warnings

• You do not have to enjoy drinking alcohol to be a bartender. Some bars train on site, and the pay and tips are great for outgoing and friendly people. This is usually a good night job for those who have other responsibilities during the day.
  

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Sources and Citations

• Free Online Personality Type Tests
  

Article provided by wikiHow, a wiki how-to manual. Please edit this article and find author credits at the original wikiHow article on How to Choose a Suitable Job Position. All content on wikiHow can be shared under a Creative Commons license.


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How to Get a Job With the United Nations

Whether you want to prevent environmental degradation, assist impoverished areas to develop their economies, help stop civil wars, or advance progressive causes like social justice and capital redistribution, the United Nations may have the ideal job for you. What’s more, the U.N. is a huge employer and offers opportunities for advancement and career variety comparable to those found in large private companies. Think you’ve got what it takes to work in this truly global organization? Competition for most positions is fierce, but with a lot of preparation and a little luck, you may land your dream job with the U.N.

Steps

There are two strategies for getting a job with the UN:

Application by Internet

1. Decide whether you wish to join the United Nations as a generalist or a specialist. If you join as a generalist, do you wish to join the secretarial stream, peace-keeping forces or administrative work? If you wish to join as a specialist, do you want to join as a professional officer with particular expertise (e.g., management, legal, environmental, medical, etc.) or as an officer in a particular policy-making area?
   
2. Browse through the United Nations website (listed below) to get a feel for the areas the U.N. is involved in. Which areas interest you most? Are there areas you are already qualified for? Are there areas you would like to work in but for which you still need qualifications?There are many sites to start your job search such as:
   
   • UN Job Monster website (http://www.unjobmonster.com)
     
   • The UN Official website (http://www.jobs.un.org)
     
   • The UN Job List website (http://unjoblist.org)
     
   • UN Jobs website (http://www.unjobs.org)
     

1. Map out a plan. If you need qualifications, get them, with the goal of entry to the United Nations in mind. Perhaps the most important qualification for any U.N. position is fluency in English or French, the working languages of the organization. Fluency in additional languages, particularly Arabic, Chinese, Spanish, or Russian, is helpful for most positions. Education is also important. Some lower-level generalist positions (mostly clerical or secretarial jobs in the General Service category) require only a high school diploma and, usually, relevant work experience, but most positions in the U.N. require at least a bachelor’s degree. Many specialist positions require advanced degrees in the area of specialty.
   
2. Browse available jobs. Look at the UN employment website (also listed below) to see current vacancies. These are constantly updated, so if you don’t immediately see a position that fits your goals and qualifications, check back often.
   
3. Register for a “My UN” account. Click on the “Register as a User” option at the top of the U.N. employment website. Registration takes about a minute.
   
4. Create your “Personal History Profile” (PHP). Once you register you will be prompted to create your PHP. This profile will be your confidential online resume, and includes general information about you, your education, and your employment history. You will only need to complete this once, but you can edit it for different vacancies if you wish. You can complete the PHP right away, or come back later. It will take between 30 minutes to one hour to complete, and you can save a partially completed profile at any time and return to finish it.
   
5. Ensure that your PHP is thorough, detailed, accurate, and picture perfect. When you apply for a position, the PHP is the first (and, initially, only) thing the recruiter will see. If you don’t do a good job of representing your qualifications, or if your profile is marred by spelling or grammar mistakes, your application will be passed over in a New York minute. You can continue to update your PHP at any time, but make sure it is in perfect condition when you actually apply for a listed vacancy.
   
6. Select your vacancy (see the External Links below). Be certain you meet all its requirements; if not, either have very good reasons for why the recruiter might overlook whatever is lacking or don’t apply. The U.N. website makes it clear that you can apply for as many vacancies as you like, but your credibility will be hurt if you apply for positions for which you are not qualified.
   
7. Apply for the chosen vacancy by following the online instructions. You will be prompted to submit your most recent version of the PHP, along with any other information required by the particular vacancy. Update the PHP if necessary before submitting your application.
   
8. Provide an e-mail address so that they can acknowledge your application. If you don’t get such acknowledgment within 24 hours, contact them again for confirmation.
   
9. Wait. Only candidates selected for an interview will be contacted, and this can take some time. Be patient. You can check the status of your application in the “Application History” of your “My UN” account. Many positions require that you pass an examination in order to be considered. Follow the instructions given for the specific vacancy for which you are applying.
   

Application by Competitive Examination

1. Visit the U.N.’s National Competitive Recruitment Examinations Programme’s website, linked below. The NCRE program is used to select junior professional officers for specialist positions. Only nationals of participating countries—these are listed on the website—are eligible, and you must be under 32 years old to apply. You must also have a minimum of a bachelor’s degree or (outside the U.S.) three-year first-level degree relevant to one of the available occupational groups listed on the website.
   
2. Apply for the examination before the annual deadline. The P-11 application form available on the website is the only acceptable method of application. Do not send additional documentation.
   
3. Study for the examination. The applications are screened, and qualified applicants are invited to take the examination and to interview. If you are invited, you will be sent a list of recommended reading, and sample tests are available on the website. You will need to exhibit expertise in the subject area for which you are applying, but you’ll also need to show a good knowledge of current events and world politics.
   
4. Take the examination. The examination takes place on a specified date at U.N. offices all over the world. It consists of a general paper, which tests your ability to synthesize information and write clearly, and a specialized paper that tests occupation-specific knowledge.
   
5. Wait for your results and attend an interview if invited. The tests take some time to mark, but competitive applicants will be invited for an interview, usually taking place several months after the examination. The most qualified applicants are then recommended for employment within the U.N. and are placed on a reserve list for current and future openings.
   

Tips

• Be very, very careful in putting together your application. Check for spelling errors, gaps in information, sloppy grammar, etc. Remember that every little slip-up is an excuse to eliminate your application, and recruiters will likely be inundated with applications. Get a friend to read over your PHP to offer suggestions and help catch any errors you may have overlooked. This is a tough process, tougher than many jobs you might be thinking of applying for, precisely because the whole world wants this job!
  
• By all means try to find out more information by e-mail or telephone. Things to ask include whether the position is one that an existing lower-level UN employee acting in that position is trying to get permanently. This will give you an indication of what you’re up against. Equally, don’t be surprised if seeking information proves difficult.
  
• Apply early. U.N. recruiters tend to frown upon last minute applications. You can also be assured that there will be a lot of applications coming in at the last minute, so yours is likely to get a less thorough review if it’s one of them. Late applications will not be considered at all.
  
• Unfortunately, the reality is that people who get jobs in the U.N. frequently know people within the organization. Who do you know? Find out how you can get to know some people who might be able to assist. In spite of lip service to the principle, merit selection is not always the key to employment at the United Nations. Additionally, be aware of country quotas and of country biases. These can operate for or against your chances of entry.
  
• Gender is an advantage: Article 8 of the UN Charter indicates, "The United Nations shall place no restrictions on the eligibility of men and women to participate in any capacity and under conditions of equality in its principal and subsidiary organs." However, a rule exists in the UN recruitment policy (ST/AI/2006/3, Section 9.3) that provides an eligibility advantage to women. If you are a female who has been placed on a roster (reserve list of those who did not get selected but were endorsed by the central review body), you will remain there for three years thereby continuing eligibility for appointment during that period. On the contrary, males are removed from the roster after one year.
  

Warnings

• The U.N. does not accept general applications or resumes. Unless otherwise noted, you must use the online application system to apply for vacancies.
  
• Be aware that working for the United Nations may not necessarily be the challenging, glamorous, “save the world” job you’re looking for. Do your research and look at books written by people who have worked in the United Nations. While the pay and benefits are great, many employees are quickly disenchanted by the stifling bureaucracy, lack of creativity, inability to utilize initiative, and nepotistic favoritism. All the same, things won’t get better unless idealistic, strong-minded and determined people get in there and change it for the better. Just be fully aware of the downsides as well as the advantages.
  
• Don’t apply willy-nilly for jobs for which you’re not qualified as the interviewers have long memories and may take advantage of any excuse to weed out people from a huge employment pool. Prior applications will remain on your employment file, so be judicious.
  
• Don’t send extra information about yourself unless you are asked for it. Doing so will irritate the recruiters, who will view it as trying to go outside the bureaucratic process and they may use it as an excuse to bypass you. If you get an interview, that will be your chance to shine.
  
• Be prepared for a rigorous interview process if you are lucky enough to get that far. It may involve several rounds if you are selected to go further in the process.
  
• Don’t put all your eggs into one basket: Map out other employment opportunities that you will seek in the process of trying to enter the United Nations and go for them as well. If you don’t get in after trying for a few years, give it a rest.
  
• Though prestigious in some circles, other people may look upon United Nations service unfavourably due to perceived ineffectualness and corruption in the UN itself and because the United Nations is an unelected body that extorts influence on sovereign nations.
  

Things You'll Need

• Dedication & perseverance
  
• University-level qualifications and/or several years of relevant experience
  
• Contacts & networking skills
  
• Very thorough knowledge of the world, its politics, the United Nations and policy-making; specific skills in the case of certain professional areas such as law, medicine, etc.
  
• Clarity in writing & communicating
  
• Good analytical and problem-solving skills
  
• Commitment to equality
  
• Good sense of humor
  

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Sources and Citations

• United Nations System Employment Opportunities
  
• UN Vacancy Announcements
  
• Job Opportunities in Peacekeeping and Other Field Missions
  
• How to Apply – prepared by United Nations Human Resources
  
• Frequently Asked Questions About UN Job Applications
  
• United Nations Human Resources Management
  
• National Competitive Examinations Programme
  
• UN Job List - Comprehensive collection of UN vacancies
  
• FPA U - course on how to land a job at the UN offered by the Foreign Policy Association
  
• United Nations Jobs - a one-stop reference for all the latest UN jobs through RSS feeds from all UN agencies
  

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